tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-54411766918793528222024-03-06T06:55:35.110+08:00HUWEGO NG MGA TIPOWe are the change we've been waiting for, we are the good we're hoping to unleash.Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.comBlogger94125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-56372010136668055842010-04-04T18:02:00.001+08:002010-04-04T18:06:25.268+08:00The end of this blog....I no longer post on this blog. I got a new one... here is the web address: <span style="font-weight:bold;">http://indiobotod.blog125.fc2.com/</span><br /><br />see you there!Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-70140155278821606972009-12-10T16:37:00.000+08:002009-12-10T16:38:25.810+08:00SMS Political joke# "The Filipinos are worth dying for." - Ninoy Aquino<br /># "The Filipinos are worth living for." - Cory Aquino<br /># "The Filipinos are worth dining for." - Gloria ArroyoIndiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-76587882545117171132009-12-10T16:36:00.001+08:002009-12-10T16:36:55.347+08:00Random Points:* Gloria said, "God put me here." Amado Macasaet said, "No, Garci did."<br />* I couldn't agree more with Malaya EIC Amado Macasaet when he opined that the nation lost with GMA's "victory" in 2004.<br />* Due to lack of shelter security, many Filipinos have to struggle by renting a "kwartito." A kwartito is a mini-room that can only accommodate a bed and a small dining table. I've experienced it myself. It's P800 in 1998 if my memory serves me right.<br />* "Heavy multitaskers are lousy at multitasking," according to Stanford communications professor Clifford Nass.Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-92157019452449849882009-12-10T16:34:00.000+08:002009-12-10T16:35:51.219+08:00Wellness Bandwagon?* A coffee brand offers a new set of what it calls 'Pro-Health' variants namely Pro-fiber (with Inulin fiber), Pro-power (with ginkgo biloba), Pro-beauty (with collagen) and Pro-slim (with L-carnitine).<br /><br /> * Another more established coffee brand has its own 'Body Partner' selection namely Protect (more antioxidant), Fit (helps in weight management), Relax (with chamomile extract) and Lingzhi (with ganoderma extract).<br /><br /> * An international college in Taguig offers a certificate course in wellness (and yes, believe it or not, pageantry)<br /><br /> * A fastfood chain now serves breakfast oats.Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-78863142532403255422009-05-26T18:44:00.000+08:002009-05-26T19:09:30.870+08:00ResilienceWhat do you think is the foremost source<br />of the Filipino's resilience to crises?<br /><br /> * His spirituality<br /> - Prof. Mariam Tuvera, UP Economics professor<br /><br /> * Relationships, being able to express, humor and food<br /> -Ms. Chat Jemena, University researcher, UP<br /><br /> * The strong family support system and belief in god<br /> - Prof. Roland Simbulan, former UP faculty regent<br /><br /> * There is the archetypal image of the bamboo in the Filipino<br /> unconscious that has become a part of our genetic pool.<br /> This is evident in the presence of the image of the bamboo<br /> in the myths and legends of the people.<br /> -Prof. Grace Odal-Devora, UP arts and communications professor<br /><br /> * The Filipino's bahala na fatalism<br /> -Atty. Ismael Khan, former Supreme Court spokesperson<br /><br /> * Resignation - their getting used to it<br /> -Prof. Evelyn Jimenez, UP Philosophy professor<br /><br /> * It's the bahala na habit kicking in but instead of<br /> a bad effect, it becomes positive<br /> -Mr. Yar Min Thant, Burmese<br /><br /> * Faith in God<br /> -Dr. Ana Maria Tabunda, Pulse Asia Executive Director<br /><br /> * Sense of humor<br /> -Prof. Mary Dorothy Jose, UP History professor<br /><br /> * Prayers<br /> -Prof. Melissa Alcazaren, CSB Psychology professor<br /><br /> * Their bahala na attitude<br /> -Prof. Benjamin Mangubat, UP History professor<br /><br /> * Blind faith (Sorry if that is a bit harsh)<br /> -Mr. Mike Wooton, Manila Times columnist<br /><br /> * A mixture of many things: our strong faith,<br /> lack of too much conveniences in life<br /> makes us easily adapt<br /> -Dr. Angelita Galban, UP Community Dentistry professor<br /><br /> * Sense of humor<br /> -Atty. Christian Monsod, former COMELEC Chairman<br /><br /><br />from diwang palaboy blogIndiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-62737425750415283982009-05-26T18:40:00.000+08:002009-05-26T18:41:09.436+08:00Antisocial Network# HATEBOOK= hatebook.com<br /># SNUBSTER= snubster.com<br /># ENEMYBOOK= enemybook.infoIndiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-54713943193409315342009-05-26T18:29:00.000+08:002009-05-26T18:39:02.058+08:00Random Thoughts:# Great Book Blockade of 2009- Bureau of Custom and Dept. of Finance's joint effort to promote corruption expansionism.<br /># For Mother's Day: Philippines is 42nd in terms of rank, for countries that are healthy or good for (a) mother's welfare under the least developed countries category. (RP is unsafe for mothers, According to a US study.)<br /># Self-googling- ego- searching = according to time.com<br /># Swine-flu-Bird-flu mix- latest epidemic to watch out.Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-79824044785554621502009-05-26T14:54:00.000+08:002009-05-26T15:02:18.795+08:00Random Thoughts:* El Shaddai leader Mike Velarde sold a piece of land to the government at 1,000 times its market value.<br /> * Tinikling= A Filipino folk dance of Leyte origin not of Tagalog origin. Inspired by the farm birds known as Tikling.<br /> * Philippines is part of the CORAL TRIANGLE that holds the "richest concentration" of iridescent corals, fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and marine plants in the world.<br /><br /> * The Phil. Sports Commission together with the newly appointed Ambassador for Peace and Understanding Manny Pacquiao will host a boxing match between the Arm Force of the Philippines and MILF to promote peace!<br /> * CREDIT MUNCH n.- Recession-induced comfort eating; from TIME MagazineIndiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-30347762332991469782009-05-25T17:06:00.000+08:002009-05-25T17:07:48.788+08:00A Nation of Idiots: The Department Order No. 17-09What exactly does Dept. Order No. 17-09 do?<br /><br />1st, it makes an appalling distinction between imports classified as "educational, technical, scientific, historical or cultural books/ materials" for non-profit purposes (which can be brought into the country without duties), and the same class of imports that are "for sale, barter or hire" ( which will now be levied a 1-percent duty).<br /><br />2nd, it makes an avaricious distinction between the class of imported books specified in the paragraph above and all other books imported into the country (which now be levied a 5-percent duty).<br /><br />3rd, it makes an absurd distinction between all other books and "books or raw materials to be used in book publishing" (which, under the DOF's squint-eyed reading of the Book Publishing Industry Development Act of 1995 or RA 8047, will be the only class of imported books entitled to zero duty).<br /><br />One of the dynamic innovations of RA 8047 was to expand the coverage of the landmark Florence Agreement, to include all imported books. What Dept. Order 17-09 has done, however, is to greedily narrow the scope of duty-free importation ,not only beyond the innovations of RA 8047 but even beyond the conventions of the International Law, Florence Agreement itself.<br /><br />Today is the perfect time to throw books on the Government in equal share of their greed and corruption! Crap!Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-44440039093722340322009-02-26T03:36:00.001+08:002009-02-26T08:40:20.992+08:00Deng Xiaoping's Famous 28 Characters Towards Change<ol><li><span style="font-style: italic;">lengjing guancha</span>- observe and analyze (developments) calmly;</li><li><span style="font-style: italic;">chenzou yingfu</span>- deal (with changes) patiently and confidently;</li><li><span style="font-style: italic;">wenzhu zhenjiao</span>- secure (our own) position;</li><li><span style="font-style: italic;">taoguang yanghui</span>- conceal (our) capabilities and avoid limelight;</li><li><span style="font-style: italic;">shanyu shouzhou</span>- be good at keeping a low profile;<span style="font-style: italic;"></span></li><li><span style="font-style: italic;">juebu dangtou</span>- never become a leader;<span style="font-style: italic;"></span><span style="font-style: italic;"></span></li><li><span style="font-style: italic;">yousou zuowei</span>- strive to make achievements. <br></li></ol>This is the secret behind the rise of China today.<br><br><font style="font-family: ms gothic,gothic;" size="2">taken from the book, <span style="font-style: italic;font-weight: bold;">The New Asian Hemisphere: The Irresistible Shift of Global Power to the East</span> by <span style="font-style: italic;">Kishore Mahbubani</span></font><br> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-77467146585394858612009-02-25T04:22:00.002+08:002009-03-19T11:58:54.594+08:00Feminism: Definition of Terms<ul><li>"<span style="font-style: italic;">Sa ngalan ng ama, ng INA, at ng espiritu santo..</span>."- FEMINIST THEOLOGY</li><li>FEMALE CHAUVINISM- very much willing to be objectified by male.</li><li><span style="font-weight: bold;">Role of Women in Philippine Politics</span>: (a) women as Term Breaker; (b) women as Political Barometer: (c) women as Political Heir</li><li>POLITICS OF MATONA- as an adoptive open mechanism against sexual harrasment/ abuse/ masculine predatory society.</li><li>LEARNED HELPLESSNESS- one of the entanglements of prostitution.<br></li></ul> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-74759069682670099662009-02-23T12:36:00.000+08:002009-02-23T17:36:17.895+08:00Pilipinas: Silip- Sipi"Like beating a dead horse, the show (Wowowee) must persist to feed on the gullible--and that's a cruel joke."-Editorial, Manila Standard Today, 13 March 2006<br><br>"All over the world, corruption is associated with lower levels of spending on education, health care, and other public services." (Investigating Corruption-A Do-It-Yourself Guide, PCIJ (2002)<br><br>"There is a bias against entrepreneurship in the Philippines, and that is why we have not moved forward. We were told by our parents to study very hard so that one day we can get a job. And we tell our cildren to study very hard so that they can have a job..."-Senator Manny Villar<br><br>"Ang papel ng pera ay hindi na rin simpleng instrumento sa palitan ng mga kalakal. Ang pera ay mismong kalakal na rin. Ibig sabihin, ang pera ay hindi na lamang ginagamit sa pagbili ng mga kalakal para lumikha ng kalakal kundi ginagamit na rin ng labas sa aktwal na paglikha ng kalakal. Kaya nga, ang mga institusyong pampinansya ay nagsisilbi ring tagalikha ng pera mula sa pera."-Maikling Kurso sa Ekonomiya ng Pilipinas, Institute of Political Economy, 2000<br><br>"You should not say yes to too many things and overextend yourself."-Bob Garon<br><br>"Divisoria's 168 is globalization in action. For all intents, "168" might as well be the code for globalization.-Boo Chanco, Demand and Supply, Philippine Star<br><br>"The crisis of leadership at the highest level is like the tip of an iceberg. To cure this social cancer we need a new breed of leaders in our country."-Angel Lagdameo, CBCP <br> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-13551650821643111682009-02-23T09:09:00.000+08:002009-02-23T14:09:17.952+08:00Economic Quotes<div align="left">“For every author, their notions and their theories are examined as attempts to find answers to the main economic problems of the time.” (A Concise History of Economic Thought, Vaggi and Groenewegen) <br> <br>“The wisdom of nature has fortunately made ample provisions for remedying many bad effects of the folly and injustices of man.” (Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith)</div><div align="left"> <br>“The thrifty, industrious capitalist who spots an opportunity in the market for the employment of productive hands is the hero of Smith’s work. In his effort to increase his own wealth, he cannot do other than benefit society in general.” (Economics for Beginners, Caravan)</div><div align="left"> <br>“Ang lider ay mapagbigay ng kapangyarihan habang namamahagi ng </div>responsibilidad.” (Ekonomiya,Tao, Mundo at ang Ekonomistang Guro, Tullao) <br> <br>“With the 1989 thaw in Cold War tensions, capitalism was one of the first aspects of Western Democracy to penetrate the Iron Curtain as McDonald’s brought “burgers and fries” to Moscow.” (Cliff Notes on Heilbroner, Snodgrass) <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-12745420529265898382009-02-17T04:26:00.001+08:002009-02-23T19:11:55.810+08:00Random Thoughts: Socialist America<ul><li>nationalized banking mortgage and auto-making industries</li><li>absence of a robust private sector (or atleast private confidence in business)- <span style="font-weight: bold;">economic patriotism</span><br></li><li>applying the system of <span style="font-weight: bold;">paternalism</span> (is the interference of a state or an individual with another person, against their will, and justified by a claim that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm. The issue of paternalism arises with respect to restrictions by the law such as anti-drug legislation, the compulsory wearing of seatbelts, and in medical contexts by the withholding of relevant information concerning a patient's condition by physicians. At the theoretical level it raises questions of how person's should be treated when they are less than fully rational.)</li><li>"more centralized, redistributed health care system.."</li><li>adaptation of European style of <span style="font-weight: bold;">statism</span> (describe institutions and political practices in which executive authority gathers increasing levels and varieties of power into its hands.)</li><li>the use of bail-outs, <span style="font-weight: bold;">protectionism</span> (the advocacy, system, or theory of protecting domestic producers by impeding or limiting, as by tariffs or quotas, the importation of foreign goods and services.), bank nationalization and nearly $1 trillion stimulus package in 'trying' to solve the crisis.<br></li></ul> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-66710687580323032612009-02-14T16:46:00.000+08:002009-02-14T21:46:10.152+08:00Random Points: Shapes of Corruption<ul><li>Corruption in Government often comes in two forms. First involves the appropriation by a government official of public funds or assets for personal use. And second, A bureaucrat facilitating an economic transaction or granting a special favor to a private individual.</li></ul><ul><li>"Rent- seeking" is the process by which a private individual attempts to bribe a government functionary to obtain concessions or economic advantages.</li></ul><ul><li>"Cronyism" is the "intimate" relationship to gain concessions from a top official of the government, usually the president.</li></ul><ul><li>Within government, the groups most likely to be motivated to monitor rent seeking and corruption are the public sector unions.<br></li></ul> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-49659983999711941672009-02-14T08:22:00.000+08:002009-02-14T13:22:29.212+08:00Pagkaing Kalye sa PilipinasIto ang listahan ng mga pagkaing kalye/ snack/ junkfood ng mga Pilipino<br><br>MANGGANG HILAW<br><br> Hinati sa gitna, itinusok sa stick at ibinabad sa garapon na may tubig. Panalo kapag pinagulong sa maanghang na bagoong alamang.<br><br>MANI<br><br>Pinirito, sinangag, inadobo, nilaga, maalat-alat o may maanghang na sangkap. Perpektong papakin na may kasamang inuming may-kulay.<br><br>BALUT<br><br>pertilisadong itlog ng pato (17 day old), may kasamang pinakuluang embryo (sisiw).<br><br>TAHO<br><br>sariwa, malambot at mala-sulang tofu. hinaluan ng arnibal (pulang asukal) at sago. Walang kasing-sarap sa almusal.<br><br>ISAW<br><br>binarbekyung bituka ng baboy o manok, inihaw. Mapapanatili sa sarap kapag isinawsaw sa sukang may dinurog na sili.<br><br>KWEK KWEK<br><br>nilagang itlog na binalutan ng kulay-kahel na harina at ipinirito. Mas matindi kapag isusubo nang mainit-init pa. <br> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-70159771685762652332009-02-14T08:13:00.000+08:002009-02-14T13:13:31.754+08:00Kultura: Lingua Franca<span style="font-weight: bold;">JAPORMS</span><br><br>Ang 'Japorms' ay nagmula sa binaliktad at dinagdagan ng salitang-ugat na 'porma' na tumutukoy sa estilo ng pananamit ng isang tao. Ang taong 'japorms' ay karaniwang nakasuot ng damit na pusturyoso. Ang katagang ito ay madalas marinig sa mga kabataan noong dekada '90. Kung susuriin, ang konsepto ng salitang 'japorms' ay maaring lumitaw mula sa katumbas na mga salitang naka-desente (1920s), naka-pustura (1930s), at spooting (1930s).<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">CHORVA/ CHURVA<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"> </span></span></span></span>Ang 'chorva' ay pinaniniwalaang hinango mula sa Griyegong salita na '<span style="font-style: italic;">cheorvamus</span>'<span style="font-style: italic;"></span><span style="font-weight: bold;"> </span>na nagpapahiwatig ng kawalan ng akmang salita na maaring sabihin. Karaniwan din itong ginagamit bilang filler o panghalili sa mga bagay na hindi tahasang maipahayag ng nagsasalita sa kaniyang kausap. Sa katunayan, ang 'chorva' ay maaring magpakahulugan sa kahit na anong bagay.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">BARKADA</span><br><br>Ang salitang 'barkada' ay kumakatawan sa gruypo ng magkakaibigan. Hinango ito sa salitang espanyol na 'barcada' na tumutukoy sa dami ng pasahero na maaaring ilulan ng isang bangka.Hinihinala ng tanyag na manunulat na si Nick Joaquin na mula sa konseptong Malay nag-ugat ang panghihiram sa salitang ito sa halip na 'pandilla' na siyang katumbas ng 'gang' sa wikang espanyol. Ayon pa kay Joaquin, maaring dala ito ng alaala ng nabubuong samahan ng mga pasarehong lulan ng isang bangka sa tuwing maglalakbay noong unang panahon. Kinalaunan, ang salitang 'barkada' ay naging kilala rin sa pinaiksing katawagan na 'berks'.<br><br style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">DIAHE/ DYAHE</span><br><br> Ang 'diahe' o 'hadya' ay salitang balbal na nagpapahiwatig ng kahihiyan ng isang tao hingil sa isang bagay, pangyayari o sa kaniyang kapwa. Sa Pilipinas, ang konsepto ng hiya ay isang pagpapahalagang panlipunan. Halimbawa, sa kultura ng mga Pilipino, 'diahe' ang pumunta sa isang salu-salo nang walang bitbit na regalo. Isa it sa mga pag-uugali na nakasanayan ng mga Pilipino sa tuwing magpapaunlak sa isang imbitasyon.<br><br style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">CONO/ KONYO</span><br><br>Karaniwang itinuturing ang mga taong kabilang sa mataas na antas ng lipunan na mga 'cono' o 'konyo'. Ayon sa kasaysayan, naunang ginagamit ang salitang 'cono' noong simula ng ika-19 na siglo bilang pantukoy sa mga dayong Espanyol na ninirahan sa mga bansang nasasakupan nila tulad ng ilipinas at Latin Amerika. Sa wikang Espanyol, ang salitang 'cono' ay nababalot sa konsepto ng kalapastanganan bilang tugon sa mga Peninsulares mula noong 1800s hanggang sa kasalukuyan. Maliban sa magagarang amit at kagamitan, ang mga 'cono' sa kasalukuyang panahon ay 'code switching.' Isa sa mga klasikong halimbawa ng pananalitang 'cono' ay ang pahayag na "let's make tusok-tusok the fishballs."<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">JEPROX</span><br><br>Binuo ng dating miyembro ng bandang Anak Bayan na si Edmond Fortuno ang sumikat na salitang 'jeprox'. Ito ay karaniwang bansag sa mgha lalaking mahahba ang buhok at bihis-rakista noong dekada '70. Hango ito sa pinaikling parirala ng 'Jeepney Rock na tumutukoy sa "rock" at klasikong musika na kalimitang pinakikinggan sa loob ng dyipni na kasagsagan ng "rock craze." Kalinsunod niyon ang pagsikat ng awiting "Laki sa Layaw," ni Mike Hanopol na ipinapalagay na siyang nagbunsod upang higit na makilala ang 'jeprox'. Kinikilala ito na siyang pantukoy sa mga taong laki sa layaw na mas popular sa katawagang 'hippie'. Samantala, may ilan ding nasulat sa internet na nagsasabing hinango ang 'jeprox' mula sa binaliktad na pagbaybay sa salitang Ingles na 'project' na tumutukoy sa proyektong pabahay ng pamahalaan noong 1960s. Ang terminong 'jeprox' sa bagong henerasyon ng mga kabataang ay patuloy pa ring ginagamit hanggang ngayon.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">ERMAT at ERPAT</span><br><br>Ang 'ermat' at 'erpat' ay mga salitang balbal na nagmula sa mga binaliktad na katagang 'mader' at 'pater'. Ito ay ginagamit bilang pantukoy sa nanay at tatay. Ang kinagawiang pagbabaliktad ng mga salita ay tatak ng 1930s at 1940s. Tulad din ng mga salitang 'damatan' (matanda) at 'alaw na alaw' (walang-wala). Ang 'ermat' at 'erpat' ay ilan lamang sa mga nabuong salita na nag-ugat sa radikal na pag-iisip ng mga kabataan noong panahong iyon. Noon hanggang ngayon. popular pa ring ginagamit ang mga salitang ganito. <br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">JOLOGS</span><br><br>Baduy, cheap, hip-hop, at makaluma. Ilan lamang ito sa mga kilalang termino na katumbas ng salitang 'jologs.' Gayunpaman, nagkakasundo ang mga lingguwista at mananalaysay na nag-ugat sa paggamit sa salitang ito sa mga titik ng kantang OPM noong 1990s ng nagsisimulang mauso ang paggamit ng internet. simula noon, unti-unting nagkaroon ng iba't-ibang kahulugan ang salitang 'jologs' na karaniwang inuugnay bilang panglilibak o panlalait. Ilan sa mga sosyolohista ay naniniwala na nag-ugat ang 'jologs' sa salitang 'diyolog' (dilis + tuyo + itlog), bilang pagkain ng mahihirap.<br><br><font size="2">ang mga impormasyon ay mula sa <span style="font-style: italic;">wikipilipinas.org</span></font><br> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-43314722932748605642009-01-21T06:07:00.000+08:002009-01-21T11:07:10.543+08:00Munting Amerika ni Juanni Tumaghoy<br><br>Hinangad umaklas sa hirap ng buhay<br>Kaya't iyong tiniis sa mga mahal ay mawalay<br>Upang dumako sa kanluran at doo'y buto ay binanat<br>Nagbabakasakali dasal sa poo'y masibat<br><br>Sa dakong iyon na ang tawag ay Amerika<br>Nasilayang buhay kasaganahan na sandamaka<br>Sa kalooban at isipa'y 'sing tumbas na nangarap<br>Nawa'y pamilya'y mabigyan ng buhay Amerika na masarap<br><br>Dolyares, bag ng tsokolate, psps at i-pod<br>Lahat ng naisin at uso'y sa mga kaanak ay napalipad<br>Ngunit ang mga ito'y di katimbang ng Amerikang kinatatapakan<br>Kaya't niluhod at kinayod ang pamilyang makapangibang-bayan<br><br>Malaking bahay na may apat na maluluwang na silid<br>Garahe na may kotseng Ford na nakaparada sa may gilid<br>Bawat anak tiyak mong may kinabukasan na mapipisil<br>Kaya't di masisi mga kalahi ni jua'y nilisan ang Pinas- lupa ng Ipil<br> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-1153553549157143442009-01-17T07:01:00.000+08:002009-01-17T12:01:19.778+08:00PROMETHEUS UNBOUND<span style="font-size: 130%;color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong><br></strong></span><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);">by Ruben Cuevas</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"> <br></span></div><div align="center"><em><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);">I shall never exchange my fetters for slavish servility. </span></em></div><div align="center"><em><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);">'Tis better to be chained to the rock than be bound to the service of Zeus.</span></em></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><em>--Aeschylus, Prometheus Unbound</em></span></span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"></span></div><div align="center"> <br><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>M</strong>ars shall glow tonight,</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>A</strong>rtemis is out of sight.</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>R</strong>ust in the twilight sky</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>C</strong>olors a bloodshot eye,</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>O</strong>r shall I say that dust</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>S</strong>unders the sleep of the just?</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>H</strong>old fast to the gift of fire!</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>I</strong> am rage! I am wrath! I am ire!</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>T</strong>he vulture sits on my rock,</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>L</strong>icks at the chains that mock</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>E</strong>mancipation's breath,</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>R</strong>eeks of death, death, death. <br></span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>D</strong>eath shall not unclench me.</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>I</strong> am earth, wind and sea!</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>K</strong>isses bestow on the brave</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>T</strong>hat defy the damp of the grave</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>A</strong>nd strike the chill hand of</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>D</strong>eath with the flaming sword of love. <br><strong>O</strong>rion stirs. The vulture</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>R</strong>etreats from the hard, pure</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"></span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>T</strong>hrust of the spark that burns,</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>U</strong>nbounds, departs, returns</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>T</strong>o pluck out of death's fist</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0);"><strong>A</strong> god who dared to resist.</span></div> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-58325964830877879282008-12-10T10:28:00.001+08:002008-12-10T10:32:03.522+08:00The Clash: Marquis De Sade and Bram Stoker <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">The Marquis De Sade’s <i>Philosophy in the Bedroom</i> and Bram Stoker’s <i>Dracula </i>both chronicle battles in the war between Christianity and Neo-paganism, but each one takes an opposite side. While Sade’s dialogue proposes that the pleasure of the individual is of paramount importance, Stoker’s novel advocates love and faith as the greatest of life’s virtues. Both men use allegory and moral satire to assault one another’s ideologies and convert readers to their worldview. In <i>Philosophy</i>, Sade’s spokesman, Dolmance, is the romantic hero whose ultimate triumph comes at the end when he recruits Eugenie and destroys the hypocrite Christian, Madame De Mistival. In <i>Dracula</i>, the Sade-like character is the vampire count himself, who is exorcised from the earthly realm by Christian heroes after failing to seduce the virtuous Mina. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">In the final years of the nineteenth century, Bram Stoker found himself faced with a society that was in the process of abandoning the traditional values of faith and chastity and replacing them with values akin to Sade’s – existentialism and the cult of individualism. Though many modern critics believe that the values of Victorian England were oppressive to a fault, Stoker feared that their disappearance would cause society to degenerate to the level of chaos and cruelty previewed in the literature of the Divine Marquis. While a mere Gothic romance on the surface, Stoker’s novel <i>Dracula</i> is actually a searing social critique of the relaxation of sexual mores. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Stoker attacks the values of Sadism by going right to the source. His title character, Dracula, is the ultimate Sadist. Often compared to Vlad the Impaler, Dracula is just as much a reflection of Dolmance, the hero of Sade’s <i>Philosophy in the Bedroom</i>. Just as Virgil uses Aeneas to condemn Odysseus, Stoker uses Dracula to condemn Sade. Of course, before one can understand the satire fully, one must understand what it was in Sade’s <i>Philosophy</i> that Stoker was mocking. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;"> Sade begins his <i>Philosophy</i> by calling upon all libertines to place themselves first – above the demands of family, society, and God: “It is only by sacrificing everything to the senses’ pleasure that this individual, who never asked to be cast onto this universe of woe, that this poor creature who goes under the name of Man, may be able to sow a smattering of roses atop the thorny path of life” (Sade 185).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Sade continues in this vein throughout the entire work, advocating self-fulfillment even at the expense of others. Unlike many modern existentialists, he carries his views to their logical end, advocating a society where morality is the only crime and where only the strong survive. Still, the basics of the doctrine appeal to the existential pain of all humanity by espousing romantic notions of freedom and self-empowerment. Consequently, much of Sade’s reasoning regarding religion and sexuality gained a measure of popular acceptance over time. This bothered Stoker, because he felt that accepting the attractive elements of Sade’s philosophy was not possible without being forced to embrace the ugly as well. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Rejecting the fundamental egoism of Sade’s philosophy, Stoker takes the opposite moral position in <i>Dracula</i>. His heroes are the very models of Christian goodness; they feel love for one another, they do not give in to their animal passions, and they subordinate their desires to their responsibilities in the name of God and social order. Vampirism, on the other hand, “is only an extreme version of the evil of the body against which Christians have been told to fight for almost 2,000 years,” (Weissman 74). <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Throughout <i>Dracula</i>, Stoker sets up a series of parallels between his novel and Sade’s dialogue. The corruption of Eugenie is retold from a Christian perspective in the seduction of Lucy. Though the seduction is seen as a positive thing in Sade, it is an abomination in <i>Dracula</i>. The philosophy of infanticide extolled by Dolmance in Sade is vilified in Stoker. Also, Stoker refuses to see sexual wantonness as a form of liberation. Instead, he sees it as a prison, and portrays it as such. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">The most obvious parallel between the two works is the one between Dracula and Dolmance. The only noticeable difference between the two noblemen is that Dracula is literally what Dolmance humorously claimed to be – one of Satan’s foot soldiers. Otherwise, the similarities are uncanny. Dracula and Dolmance are both pale aristocrats with aquiline noses, pure white teeth, and cruel features (Sade 192), (Stoker 26-27). <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">They are as alike in philosophy as they are in demeanor. As selfish as Dolmance, Dracula fled from his command during combat and allowed his army to be slaughtered at the hands of the Turks. The act was cowardly, irresponsible, and criminal, but Dolmance would have approved of it for it kept Dracula alive. The suffering and deaths of hundreds of others is irrelevant.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Had he met Dracula, Dolmance would surely have been envious of Dracula’s animalistic nature. Time and again in Sade’s <i>Philosophy</i>, Dolmance criticizes humans for trying to strip themselves of the cruel, animal side of their existence. He uses nature to debunk the ideals of love and family that Christians claimed to hold. “Familial love is allusory,” says Dolmance. “Do animals know these things? No surely not” (Sade 353). <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">While renowned <i>Dracula</i> critic Leonard Wolf did not believe Stoker was writing a formal treatise against Darwinism, he did point out that the character Dracula is “really a kind of Darwinian superman; he’s an animal. Stoker probably was disturbed on some level by the Darwinian scientific currents of the time…. I think Stoker’s <i>Dracula</i><o:p></o:p> is very hung up on science” (Wolf 28)</span></p> <p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">The two sadists agree that animals are higher forms of life, only Dracula can participate in it more fully than Dolmance. To the vampire, the howling of the wolves is akin to the music of the spheres. “Listen to them, the children of the night. What music they make.” Dracula can not only understand the languages of animals, but also communicate with them and order them as a commander would an army. In addition, the Count has the ability to transform himself into the “baser animals” including rats, owls, bats, moths, foxes, and wolves. In fact, his connection to the animal world is so close that it is unclear if he is man or animal. When Mina catches a glimpse of him at a distance in the moonlight, she can not tell if he is man or beast (Stoker 78). At another point, Jonathan Harker, observes Dracula crawling headfirst down the castle wall, moving “just as a lizard moves along a wall” (Stoker 38).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">To the sadist, the dark side of nature – death, fornication, and pitiless aggression – is beautiful and the bright side of nature – childbirth, kinship, the forming of communities – is disgusting. Neither Sade nor Dracula approves of motherhood. Both saw the essence of motherhood as loathsome and unnatural. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Critic Phyllis A. Roth recognized this antagonism towards the mother figure and was repelled by it as one of the many examples of the book’s alleged misogyny. She said, “In accepting the notion of identification with the aggressor in Dracula, as I believe we must, what we accept is the reader’s identification with the aggressor’s victimization of women. Dracula’s desire is for the destruction of Lucy and Mina and what this means is obvious when we recall that his attacks on the two closest of friends seem incredibly coincidental on the narrative level. Only on the deeper level is there no coincidence at all: the level on which one recognizes that Lucy and Mina are essentially the same figure: the mother” (Roth 62).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">The anti-mother attitude makes sense as both Dracula and Sade walk in darkness and despair. The very act of a woman giving birth is an unselfish act of hope that adds another human to civilization. The sadist’s only consolation in the face of such tragedy is to target the newborn as either fodder or as a potential initiate, and the only way to get to the children is through their protective mothers. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">This is the real motivation behind Sade’s attack on motherhood in <i>Philosophy in the Bedroom.</i> His reasoning that women are biologically superfluous to the process of reproduction is absurd, but one that must be made to justify his dismissal of them (Sade 206). As scatterbrained as some of his leaps of logic often are, there is a thematic unity to his ranting that holds up better once his prejudices against the forces of the establishment at least appear to be grounded in sound reasoning.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Naturally, the Virgin Mary is the most hated figure of all in Sade’s bedroom. She is a mother and a Virgin and a symbol of the morally oppressive Catholic Church. Sade rightly identifies her as a threat to all he holds dear and refers to her as “the repellent and shameless Mary” (Sade 299).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Dracula, too, hates Mary, and every other woman who ever looked to her example either as a virgin or a mother. As protection against Dracula, the Protestant Jonathan Harker is asked to carry a rosary – the Catholic symbol of the Virgin Mary. The Romanian who gives him the rosary says “Wear this for your mother’s sake” and it later proves to be effective protection against Dracula. It is yet another example in Stoker’s masterpiece of the symbol of the mother figure – or of her ideal, the Virgin Mary – pitting herself against vampirism and winning.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Vampire and philosopher alike take pride in the slaughter of children. According to Madame De Saint-Ange, “a pretty girl should concern herself with fucking, never engendering” (Sade 201). She adds, “dread not infanticide. The crime is imaginary” (Sade 249). Dolmance agrees, claiming that it is “charming” to cheat propagation of its rights and “to contradict what fools call the laws of Nature” (Sade 229). To the sadist, there is no moral difference between killing a child before or after birth since humans can destroy whatever they create.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Though readers of <i>Philosophy</i> never get to see infanticide practiced by its proponents, readers of <i>Dracula</i> are shown sadists in action kidnapping and killing small children. It is Stoker’s way of making one think twice before converting to Dolmance’s worldview. Early in the novel, Dracula feeds a baby to his three brides at his castle (Stoker 43). Later on, Lucy Westenra, his new convert from the world of Christianity, begins her career as a vampire by drinking the blood of little boys. In a scene reminiscent to the climax of Sade’s dialogue, the baby’s mother comes to the castle to try to rescue her baby from the count’s clutches, only to be torn apart by a pack of wolves under his command (Stoker 48). Before she dies, she yells to Dracula, “Monster! Give me my child!” just as De Mistival warned Eugenie, “You are amid monsters here!” (Sade 355)<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Dolmance claims that all men have the right to rape (Sade 318), and Dracula does just that whenever he feeds on a woman’s blood because vampire attacks are violent and sexual violations of the victim. But the vampire attack is more than that. It is the ultimate blasphemy – an inversion of Communion. While Christians in a state of grace move closer to God while drinking Christ’s body and blood, the vampire rapes and corrupts his victims, infusing them with sadistic desires and turning Communion into cannibalism. When it comes to blasphemy, vampires are artists, making Dolmance’s misuse of the Lord’s name look like child’s play.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;"> As Madame De Saint-Ange speaks aloud her plans to initiate Eugenie into a life of sadism, her words sound no different than those a vampire would use before creating another of its kind. She speaks of “immoralities’ poison, circulating in this young spirit together with the venom I shall inject, will in the shortest possible time wither and still all the seeds of virtue that, but for us, might germinate there” (Sade 191). <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;"> According to Leonard Wolf, readers often do not pity the victims of vampire attacks because those victims no longer exist as individual humans but as “the living pieces of the Host”. He describes the attacks as a form of “`spiritual pornography,’ where we get these <i>horrible</i> things happening that thrill us in the foreground, where it’s merely a blood exchange, but they thrill us profoundly in our spiritual center when what we see is that it’s a corruption of the soul, an exchange of disasters that are deeply rooted in our relationships not just to family but in our relationship to God” (Wolf 26). <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">While Wolf made these statements in connection to Anne Rice’s vampire novels, readers may react in just as primal a manner when reading <i>Dracula</i>, though Stoker would not have wanted his audience to side with the vampires, only to understand what makes the creatures so attractive to their victims. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Interested not only in the symbolic meaning of the vampire attack but the literary tradition from which it sprang, critic Carrol L. Fry rightfully claims that Lucy’s fall from grace mirrors the fall of virtuous women of popular fiction from Richardson to Hardy:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">“In dozens of novels of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, this pure woman is pursued by a ‘rake,’ a seducer who has designs on her virtue. The melodrama is based on the reader’s suspense regarding whether or not he will succeed. Those women who have lost their virtue become ‘fallen women,’ outcasts doomed to death or secluded repentence. In <i>Dracula</i>, there are two ‘pure women,’ Lucy Westenra and Mina Harker, the former of whom actually does ‘fall.’ The role of ‘rake’ is played by Count Dracula, and vampirism becomes surrogate sexual intercourse. The women who receive the vampire’s bite become ‘fallen women’” (Fry 35).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Although such spiritual poisoning is figurative in Eugenie’s case, it takes place literally in Lucy Westenra’s as she is corrupted by venom injected into her by Dracula. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Before she met Dracula, Lucy was a kindly innocent. She was so beautiful that she received three proposals of marriage in one day. She had a kind heart, so she felt sorry for the men she had to turn down – you see, they were all three gentlemanly and handsome. Mourning for the spurned, Lucy wrote to Mina: “Why can’t they let a girl marry three men, or as many as want her, and save all this trouble? But this is heresy, and I must not say it” (Stoker 57). <o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Lucy’s problem was that she could see only the moral code and not the reason for it. Had she examined what marriage was in its ideal form she would have realized that no more than two people could be joined as Lawrentian soul mates. Any more than two and it is no longer marriage but prostitution. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;"> The same suggestion of one woman pleasing many men is also made in <i>Philosophy</i>, but with the romantic veneer stripped away to reveal the true ugliness underneath: “Are not the services a young girl renders in consenting to produce the happiness of all who apply to her infinitely more important than those which, isolating herself, she performs for her husband? Woman’s destiny is to be wanton, like the bitch, the she-wolf; she must belong to all who claim her” (Sade 219).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Lucy’s love of the three men is part of the lure that drags her into the world of sadism. She is gradually corrupted by Dracula and becomes the very she-wolf that Sade was talking about. The following passage is told from the perspective of Dr. Seward, one of Lucy’s former suitors, who confronts her as she is about to feed on the blood of a small child: <o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">“When Lucy – I call the thing that was before us Lucy because it bore her shape – saw us, she drew back with an angry snarl, such as a cat gives when taken unawares; then her eyes ranged over us. Lucy’s eyes in form and color; but Lucy’s eyes unclean and full of hell-fire, instead of the pure, gentle orbs we knew … [They] blazed with unholy light, and [her] face became wreathed with a voluptuous smile. Oh, God, how it made me shudder to see it! With a careless motion, she flung to the ground, callous as a devil, the child that up to now she had clutched strenuously to her breast, growling over it as a dog growls over a bone” (Stoker 157-158).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;"> It is plain to see how Sade’s supposedly elevating philosophy has literally dragged the virtuous Lucy down to an ugly, animalistic level. She is compared twice to enraged animals – a snarling cat and a growling dog. Fallen far from God, she is an “unholy” “thing,” much like “a devil.” More sexually free than before, she is repeatedly called “wanton” throughout the book and the word “voluptuous” is attached as firmly to her as it is to the other female vampires. She is also called “cold-blooded” and “callous” and she, like the other vampires, has virtually no love in her. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">As sexy as the women vampires are, Stoker drives home time and again the point that they are whores who feel lost without true love. For Sade, love is a curse, but Stoker makes a valiant effort to prove how horrible a fate it is for a woman to have her purity and compassion stripped from her. In <i>Dracula</i>, it is a true tragedy that vampires confuse hate with love (Stoker 41, 43, 49 and 125).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">As stated before, Saint-Ange believed firmly in the potency of the <i>vampire </i>venom, guaranteeing victims to be “straightaway damned” (Sade 191). This is not entirely true in <i>Dracula</i>, as Mina is injected with the venom, tastes the pleasures of the dark side and rejects them. In fact, at the very end of the book, Mina chooses motherhood and a faithful marriage to Jonathan over the licentious, hateful life Dracula had offered her. In this manner, Mina is the exact opposite of Eugenie. While Mina would rather die than convert to Dracula’s unholy religion, Eugenie would “sooner suffer death than perform a good act!” (Sade 217).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">The hero of <i>Dracula</i>, Professor Van Helsing, is both a scientist and a Christian, demonstrating Stoker’s belief that science and religion should work together. Van Helsing, unlike his contemporary scientists, equates faith with open-mindedness (Stoker 173) and criticizes science for wanting “to explain all; and if explain it not, then [say] there is nothing to explain” (Stoker 143). <o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">At the point in the novel when the forces of good reach their time of greatest trial, Van Helsing advises his comrades to emulate Mina’s courage and fortitude: “She is one of God’s women, fashioned by His own hand to show us men and other women that there is a heaven we can enter, and that its light can be here on earth. So true, so sweet, so noble, so little an egoist – and that, let me tell you, is much in this age, so skeptical and selfish” (Stoker 142). <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Stoker saw the foundations of the Catholic Church cracking under the strain of attacks from Darwinists and political revolutionaries, and launched an appropriate counter-attack, for one of the worst tragedies in the book happens before the ruins of a church (Stoker 78). One of the most poignant symbols in the book, the ruined church suggests that Lucy could have been saved from destruction had the church and all it stood for remained intact.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;"> Even though vampirism fills Stoker’s heroes with revulsion, they constantly fight against the temptation to give in to hatred. Mina and Van Helsing both know that self-righteousness is the quickest path to becoming exactly as cruel as the creatures they hunted, so they constantly urged their hot-blooded male companions to “strike in God’s name” against the vampires (Stoker 160). In the end, their virtuous generosity is paid off, as they are able to liberate the vampires’ tortured souls. All the vampire women, and even Dracula himself, are liberated from their sadistic lives and sent to the forgiving arms of God in Heaven (Stoker 260).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Dolmance and Eugenie are not as kind to Madame De Mistival as Mina and Van Helsing are to Dracula. No one would argue that Madame De Mistival finds any form of salvation in being stitched together and given syphilis so that she could have no more children (Sade 363). While Dracula is released from his cursed existence, Madame De Mistival is made a prisoner of her own body. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><u1:p></u1:p></span> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Sade, who believes that no human being is capable of being divinely good, ferociously mocks this kind of piety. This is why he portrays Madame De Mistival as a hypocrite and a fool – she stands by her Christian beliefs while she herself is incapable of living up to the standards of behavior she has set for the world to follow. Her very presence is a disruption to the sanctuary that the bedroom provides. To restore Dolmance’s proper sadistic control to the bedchamber, she had to be destroyed.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">While all vampires – both human, like Dolmance, and supernatural, like Dracula – use pleasure to corrupt the innocent, what they fear most is to be corrupted themselves. Love is the one thing that can truly destroy a vampire. Dolmance says as much himself, referring to love as a disease that can destroy. “Ties of love, may you never know them. Fuck. Divert yourselves, that’s the essential thing – be quick to fly from love” (Sade 285).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">The same principle holds true in <i>Dracula</i>. When love takes hold of Renfield, he gives up on his own dreams of immortality and selflessly tries to protect Mina from Dracula. Once Renfield makes this conversion, Dracula has no choice but to kill him. The love that unites the ranks of Christians divides and conquers sadists. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">While Dracula’s women serve as little more than whores, they too find themselves starved for true affection. “You yourself never loved; you never love!” the blonde vampire cried defiantly to Dracula, to which he replied, in a soft whisper: -- `Yes, I too can love; you yourselves can tell it from the past’’’ (Stoker 43). As Dracula admits this, he casts his eyes on Jonathan Harker, suggesting an attraction for the young lawyer. As if to defeat his own feelings of affection, he promises Harker to the women, eager to kill what he loves to wipe the scourge of affection from his mind. If Madame De Mistival is ultimately a sham in Sade’s eyes, than surely the sadists/vampires are just as phony to Stoker, for they sometimes feel the effects of the very love they deny exists.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Sade was so convinced of the persuasiveness of his attack on morality that he advocated its use as a handbook for the young. <i>Dracula</i> could be just as effective as such a handbook, because its defense of conventional morality is just as poignant as its attack on sadism. It is ironic that, throughout the 20<sup>th</sup> century at least, conservative parents have objected to horror stories on moral grounds, not realizing that virtually all such tales bear positive Christian messages. Only since the 1970s with the sexual revolution and Anne Rice have the nature of vampire stories changed, depicting sadists as romantic heroes. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: arial;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" >And yet, even today, many vampires are still portrayed in movies and on television as Bram Stoker intended – as dangerous and animalistic satires of the Marquis De Sade himself.</span><o:p></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size:12;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-size:12;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]-->
<br /></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;">
<br /></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:12;"><span style=""></span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CDad%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="State"></o:smarttagtype></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id="ieooui"></object> <style> st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} h3 {mso-margin-top-alt:auto; margin-right:0in; mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; mso-outline-level:3; font-size:13.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} p.MsoBodyText2, li.MsoBodyText2, div.MsoBodyText2 {mso-margin-top-alt:auto; margin-right:0in; mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--><span style=";font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><span style="font-size:9;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Sources:</span><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:9;">
<br />
<br />de Sade, Marquis Donatien-Alphonse-Francois. <u>Justine, Philosophy in the </u></span><u><span style="font-size:9;">Bedroom, and Other
<br /> Writings</span></u><span style="font-size:9;">. <st1:state st="on"><st1:place st="on">New York</st1:place></st1:state>: Grove Press, 1990. 177-371.<o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:9;">
<br />
<br />Fry, Carrol L. “Fictional Conventions and Sexuality in Dracula.” <u>Dracula: <u1:p></u1:p></u><o:p></o:p></span><u><span style="font-size:9;">The Vampire and the Critics</span></u><span style="font-size:9;">, Ed. Margaret L. Carter. <st1:state st="on"><st1:place st="on">Michigan</st1:place></st1:state>: UMI Research Press, 1988. 35-38.<o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:9;">
<br />
<br />Roth, Phyllis A. “Suddenly Sexual Women in Bram Stoker’s Dracula.” <o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="font-size:9;">Dracula: The Vampire and the
<br /> Critics</span></u><span style="font-size:9;">, Ed. Margaret L. Carter. <st1:state st="on"><st1:place st="on">Michigan</st1:place></st1:state>: UMI Research Press, 1988. 57-69.<o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:9;">
<br />
<br />Stoker, Bram. <u>Dracula: Illustrated by Greg Hildebrandt</u>. <st1:state st="on"><st1:place st="on">New Jersey</st1:place></st1:state>: The <o:p></o:p>Unicorn Publishing </span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:9;">house,
<br /> 1985.<o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:9;">
<br />Weissman, Judith. “Women and Vampires: Dracula as a Victorian Novel.” <o:p></o:p></span><u><span style="font-size:9;">Dracula: The Vampire
<br /> and the Critics</span></u><span style="font-size:9;">, Ed. Margaret L. Carter. <st1:state st="on"><st1:place st="on">Michigan</st1:place></st1:state>: UMI Research Press, 1988. 69-78.<o:p></o:p></span></span> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:9;">
<br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family:arial,helvetica;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:9;">Wolf, Leonard, and David J. Skal. “Beyond Dracula: New Age Evil.’’ <o:p></o:p></span></span><span style=";font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><span style="font-size:9;">Imagi-Movies Winter 1994:
<br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style=";font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:100%;" ><span style="font-size:9;"> 24-30, 35-36, 40-41, 61.</span></span></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-39425512774057573272008-12-04T15:09:00.000+08:002008-12-04T20:09:28.022+08:00Tatlong Retorika ng Pagkamakata <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"></span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">I. ‘Pagka’t May Dalang Halihaw ang Tula<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Hindi humihingi ng paumanhin ang panulaan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Hindi nagpapasintabi, manapa’y nag-aalay.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Di lamang ng kulay,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">lumilikha ito ng buhay<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">na karanasan ng masa sa entabladong lupa,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">‘pagka’t may dalang halihaw ang tula.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Di lamang kiliti.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Salaysay nito ang dalamhati<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">ng mga ginang at ginoong di-nakakabigkas ng tula.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Kaya’t hindi mahika ang hatid ng makata.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Di lamang pagkamangha.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Usal nito ang pagkaunawa<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">ng mga ale at mama sa hamon ng pagbabanyuhay.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Dahil kung kagigiliwan lamang ang tula’y anong saysay?<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Dili’t palamuti,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">diwata sa guni-guni<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">ng matatakuting paslit na busog sa paksiw na ayungin,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">o ng obrerong mas pabigat sa tiyan ang nilupak na saging.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Di tulad ng espasol,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">hatid nito’y hangin<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">sa sikmura; kundiman pagtakap ng bibig sa kawalang-lasa.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">‘Pagka’t may hatid na halihaw ang tula.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Di lamang sa diwa,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">bagkus ay sa praktika.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">II. Kapag Tumula ang Masa<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Kapag tumula ang masa<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">agapan mo ang kanilang talinhaga.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Di bale na muna ang sukat<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">ngunit wag lilibsan ang tugmang maliligat.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Kagiliwan mo ang romansa, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">laruin ang dulas ng awit at prosa,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">halukayin ang lalim;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">may kahulugan pati ang kanilang tighim.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Dahil kapag tumula ang masa<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">bumabalong ang mga talata.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Kaya’t aagapan mo ang kanilang balintunaan,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">rurok at imortalidad ng karanasan;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">pagsasatao ng mga walang kaluluwa,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">pagbibinyag, debate, pati litanya.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Punan mo ang mga pagitan ng linya<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">at wag kang pagagapi sa aliterasyon ng dila.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Kapag tumula ang masa,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">damhin ang gaspang ng kanilang hininga,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">dahil kapag tumula ang masa,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">di sila naka-Barong Tagalog<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">at walang lawrel sa tuktok.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Kaya’t higit na mahalaga ang retina,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">pang-amoy, pandama at duda.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Dahil kapag tumula ang masa<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">marani’y hindi sila nagsasalita.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">III. Ang Mapahiya at Magyabang<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Sino ba ang hindi mapapahiya<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">kung pagtaasan ka ng kilay at pagkibitan ng balikat<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">ng kapwa mo makata?<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Dahil ang tula mo ay kapos sa saliw,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"><span style=""> </span>aliw,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"><span style=""> </span>aliw-iw<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"><span style=""> </span>at di nagmamaliw<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">na pagkabaliw sa teknika.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">Sino ba ang hindi magyayabang<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">kung pagtaasan ka ng kamao at matapik sa balikat<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">ng pinaglilingkuran mong magsasaka?<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">dahil ang tula mo ay apaw sa awit,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"><span style=""> </span>galit,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"><span style=""> </span>at dalit<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH"><span style=""> </span>ng naghihimagsik<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;line-height: 200%;font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-PH">na katuturan ng praktika.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;font-family: Arial;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-74460710672180744002008-11-29T16:54:00.000+08:002008-11-29T21:54:46.541+08:00 Search: Children in RP's poorest 20 percent receive less education <p class="first">Children in the poorest 20 percent in the Philippines receive five years less education than children from the wealthiest families, according to a latest report of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).</p>The UNESCO Education for All Global Monitoring Report said the children in the poorest 20 percent in the country are among the millions of children around the world who are denied opportunities to go to school, condemning them to a life of poverty.<p>UNESCO blamed governments and international aid donors for not taking on the task of reducing global inequalities in education.</p><p>The report warned that a "wide gulf" in educational opportunity separating rich and poor countries seriously threatens global efforts aimed at achieving the internationally agreed target of universal primary education by 2015.</p><p>"A combination of political indifference, weak domestic policies and the failure of aid donors to act on commitments is to blame for the failure developing countries are facing in educating their young," the report said.</p><p>The report noted that one in three children in developing countries, or around 193 million in total, reaches primary school age with impaired brain development and educational prospects due to malnutrition.</p><p>Some 75 million children, including almost one-third of sub-Saharan children of primary school age, are not in school, compared to over a third of children in rich countries completing university, the report said.</p><p>Children in the poorest 20 percent of countries, such as Ethiopia, Mali and Niger, are three times less likely to be in primary school as children from the wealthiest 20 percent.</p>In Peru and the Philippines, children in the poorest 20 percent receive five years less education than children from the wealthiest families. <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-32073947122819003412008-11-29T13:47:00.001+08:002008-11-29T19:32:55.425+08:00Komento<span id="shoutouttxt" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size:180%;">for the past decades, millions have died, for what? for ideas. it's not about territory nor religion nor race, it's about another nonsense b***s***. but it's all we've got, the distorted will to power, that keeps us alive.<br /></span></span><span id="shoutouttxt" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br />- Fifi (a friend and ex-classmate from UP- Baguio now a Political Science- Philosophy student from University of Toronto) shared with me what her Professor in Political Science 320 commented about the present day politics!</span><br /><span id="shoutouttxt" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class="multiply:no_crosspost"></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-43539659317981730582008-11-27T06:49:00.000+08:002008-11-27T11:49:58.504+08:00Positive and Negative Democracy<table width="100%" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><p class="fontheadline"><span class="fontheadline"></span><br><span class="fontsubheadline"></span></p></td></tr> <tr><td><p class="fontbyline">By Christopher Ryan Maboloc<br>Philippine Daily Inquirer </p></td></tr> <tr><td><p class="fonttimestamp">Posted date: November 24, 2008</p></td></tr> <tr><td><br>MANILA, Philippines - The power of democracy to effect change in the wellbeing of people depends on what people do in their lives.<p>Democracy can be theoretically construed and empirically practiced as “positive” or “negative.” The emphasis on people’s positive capabilities, for instance “the role of freedom concerning the ... different kinds of rights, opportunities, and entitlements,” can be seen as instrumental to national development. The above includes economic opportunities, education, health, transparency in government and protective security in terms of safety nets (i.e., farm subsidies during food or economic crises) as necessary to make democracy work. These rights can be considered as “positive entitlements” which empower people.</p><p>In arguing for people’s democratic rights, Amrtya Sen emphasizes the argument that no famine has ever occurred under a democratic regime. The reason for this is that any famine is unthinkable if the government provides enough provisions to farmers in terms of farm inputs. A government that is in solidarity with the farmers can immediately address any need for food basically because open discussion, transparency and participation will ensure food stability. People, if free, will be morally empowered to voice their concerns and press their government for action. This requires, however, the “capability” to “speak out,” and the “positive empowerment” to argue for one’s rights. Sen notes that “the people have to be seen, in this perspective, as being actively involved—given the opportunity—in shaping their own destiny, and not just as passive recipients of the fruits of cunning development programs.” Positive democracy means people are real contributors to human wellbeing and not “passive recipients” of doles and grants. For example, Sen argues, famines are not natural calamities but human disasters, and he theorizes that “famines are policy failures,” and not a real shortage of food. The same holds true for the country’s rice crisis. Neglect of agriculture is simply a failure of governance. The exercise of our negative rights, in this regard, is crucial. However, it does not guarantee the protection from nor does it prevent the real possibility of such a crisis never happening again.</p><p>Transparency laws, from the point of view of positive democracy, are useless if people are not knowledgeable about the mechanisms which ensure transparent government transactions. Any government can easily abuse its people if people are bereft of the tools or knowledge which will secure their welfare. A hungry man, for example, will simply say that he has no time to think about corruption in government nor will he reflect about the “character” and “qualifications” of the person he will vote for during elections. It can also be said that “anti-corruption drives” and the “right of suffrage” are only seen in a negative way as an exercise of one’s negative freedom, and not as positive opportunities to really empower one’s self in public. Positive democracy, in this sense, entails the active participation of people, of “people power” in a very positive way because it results in real change.</p><p>On the other hand, people also show their “critical” and “reactive” attitude against a regime. It can also be argued that the importance of democracy lies in the fact that it secures and protects the political freedoms of people. Negative freedom implies freedom from oppression. Simply put, it is the “right to protest.” We can explain this by pointing out that democracy puts “pressure” on government leaders to be responsive to the needs of the people because the people hold them accountable for their welfare.</p><p>The Philippines is a flawed democracy. It is flawed because it does not have a functioning government. The reason for this is that its political culture is weak. This weakness is something that I see in the inconsistent image of a corrupt politician who endorses an anti-corruption book. Protests can effect some changes in the public lives of people, but unless people become real contributors to their wellbeing, change is but a dream, “difficult” and “impossible.”</p><p>For instance, libraries are almost non-existent in many public schools. This should not mean that a student mustn’t read books. For a student to really learn, he or she has to find these books somewhere. It will not be enough to wait for the results of mass actions denouncing the government’s neglect of education. A student needs to realize that the life he or she has to live is something that is “fully” and “truly” his or her own responsibility. Opportunities don’t just come. These are things that we create.</p><p>In conclusion, my analysis is that responsible citizens, guided by their “duty of civility,” will work to ensure that development becomes the priority of their national and local leaders. The streets can be the battleground. But beyond such and in a very positive way, the academe, research institutions and private corporations can contribute to advance the welfare of people more than the parliament of the streets. People Power 1986 is a classic case of negative democracy. After two decades, it has become apparent that the event has not translated into a “highly industrialized” Philippines. Of course, negative democracy makes people vigilant even in intense economic situations. People value their political freedoms. But people can also resign themselves to the fact that their kind of government is perpetually corrupt. Negative democracy does not necessarily empower them to seek real wellbeing, and thus, negative democracy may not place us on the road to human development.</p><p>People should realize, as Mahbub Ul Haq suggested, that they are the “real wealth of the nation.” This means that development is not the mere “by-product” but is in itself the reflection of the “kind of people” a country has. People have to be truly responsible for and take part in the commitment to achieve human development. Of course, we deserve a better government. But on the other hand, to demand such from our leaders, right now, may not be enough.</p><p><strong><em>Christopher Ryan Maboloc is chair of the Philosophy Division at the Ateneo de Davao University.</em></strong></p></td></tr></tbody></table> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5441176691879352822.post-48441202589641147092008-11-27T06:44:00.000+08:002008-11-27T11:44:59.390+08:00THIRD WORLD <ul><li>"The concept connotes poverty, structural imbalance, socio-economic injustice, and lack or insufficient access to basic needs but looking deeper, the term can also refer to the effect of the rise of the very few in power- politically, culturally, and economically, rendering the rest of the population unable to take their just share of that power." <span style="font-size: 85%;"><strong>(L. Angeles)</strong> </span><br></li><li>"Underdeveloped and overdependent nations" <span style="font-size: 85%;"><strong>(A. Bruselas)</strong> </span><br></li><li>"A label which distinguishes the poor and marginalized countries from that of advanced and industrialized nations"<span style="font-size: 78%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 85%;"><strong>(M. Caranto)</strong> </span><br></li><li>"Pertains to developing countries that are heavily dependent on foreign capital and information technology for their economic growth" <strong><span style="font-size: 85%;">(L. Dela Cruz) </span></strong><br></li><li>"An economic category comprised of underdeveloped nations from Asia, Latin America, and Africa" <strong><span style="font-size: 85%;">(A. Duquiatan) </span></strong><br></li><li>"Collectively described to be less developed, heavily exploited, underrepresented and is observed to experience poor access to economic, political, cultural and social opportunities" <strong><span style="font-size: 85%;">(Y. Fernandez) </span></strong><br></li><li>"Consists of poor and developing countries that are often dependent to other countries for their development" <span style="font-size: 85%;"><strong>(F. Francisco) </strong></span><br></li><li>"A term used to describe an underdeveloped nation which can't go along with the fast-paced globalization"<strong> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(C. Gamao) </span></strong><br></li><li>"Struggling to achieve development in the social, cultural, political, and economic aspects" <span style="font-size: 85%;"><strong>(K. Honrade)</strong></span><br></li><li>"Countries whose rich resources are being exploited by transnational corporations"<br><strong><span style="font-size: 85%;">(K. Mayoca) </span></strong><br></li><li>"The most exploited world where labor force is abundant but salary/benefit is low"<br><span style="font-size: 85%;"><strong>(C. Lopez)<br></strong></span></li><li>"Refers to former colonies that lack substantial capital to further its growth and development hence its continued dependence to developed countries" <strong><span style="font-size: 85%;">(J. Meneses)</span></strong><br></li><li>"Pertains to countries with less available opportunities for development than those in the first world" <span style="font-size: 85%;"><strong>(P. Rosales) </strong></span><br></li><li>"Regarded as the Global South struggling to industrialize by following the steps of the Global North" <span style="font-size: 85%;"><strong>(K. Villanueva) </strong></span></li></ul> <!-- multiply:no_crosspost --><p class='multiply:no_crosspost'></p>Indiobotodhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18318117376276929394noreply@blogger.com0